Lupus, or Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks healthy tissue. It can affect various organs including the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, and brain. It is not contagious or cancerous.

The exact cause is unknown, but factors like genetics, hormonal changes, infections, stress, and sun exposure may trigger lupus in predisposed individuals.

Anyone can develop lupus, but it's most common in women aged 15–44. It also disproportionately affects people of Afro-Caribbean, Hispanic, Asian, and Indigenous descent.

Symptoms vary but often include fatigue, joint pain, skin rashes, and hair loss. Severe cases may affect the kidneys, heart, lungs, or brain, leading to complications such as kidney failure, blood clots, or seizures.

Lupus is diagnosed through a combination of clinical signs, symptoms, and blood tests, including antinuclear antibodies (ANA). Diagnosis may take time as symptoms develop gradually and resemble other conditions.

There is no cure, but treatment can manage symptoms and prevent organ damage. Many people with lupus lead full and active lives with proper care.

Management includes regular medical follow-ups, medication adherence, protecting yourself from sun exposure, minimizing stress, eating healthily, and exercising moderately. Support groups and education are also helpful. In Jamaica, many treatments are subsidized through the National Health Fund (NHF) or offered at public clinics.

Yes, but you should plan pregnancy when lupus is under control. Some medications may need adjustment. Consult your doctor before trying to conceive to reduce risks during and after pregnancy.

Lupus can run in families, but the risk of a child developing lupus if a parent has it is less than 5%.

Yes, including groups in Kingston and Montego Bay. Virtual participation is also available. Visit the Lupus Foundation of Jamaica (LFJ) at Unit 29, Winchester Business Center Kingston 10 or contact them via phone, email, or social media for more information.

Yes. Rheumatologists treat lupus, and other specialists may be involved depending on organ involvement. Clinics are available at Kingston Public Hospital, UHWI, Spanish Town Hospital, and Cornwall Regional. The LFJ can help you find a specialist near you.

Yes. The most common is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Other types include:

• Discoid Lupus: Affects the skin, often as red, scaly rashes on sun-exposed areas.
• Subacute Cutaneous Lupus: Causes sun-sensitive rashes and joint pain.
• Drug-induced Lupus: Triggered by certain medications and typically resolves when the drug is stopped.

Flares can be triggered by stress, infections, sun exposure, hormonal changes, certain medications, dietary factors, and pregnancy. Symptoms often include fatigue, joint pain, and rashes.

Stay cool, wear light clothing, use sunscreen, avoid midday sun, and hydrate well. Rest if you feel fatigued and watch for signs of a flare.

Yes. Many people with lupus continue to work. Accommodations such as flexible hours, telecommuting, or task modifications may be necessary. Discuss with your doctor and employer for personalized support.

No. Other autoimmune diseases include rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes, among others.

Approximately 90% of lupus cases occur in women, particularly during childbearing years. Hormonal differences are thought to play a role.

The kidneys are among the most commonly and severely affected organs, a condition known as lupus nephritis, which can lead to kidney failure if untreated.

Maintain a healthy lifestyle, follow your treatment plan, get regular checkups, avoid triggers, and stay informed. Support from family, friends, and community groups also helps improve well-being.